ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Saturday, August 20, 2011
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Giant space blob glows from within: Primordial cloud of hydrogen is centrally powered (August 19, 2011) -- Observations from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope have shed light on the power source of a rare vast cloud of glowing gas in the early universe. The observations show for the first time that this giant "Lyman-alpha blob" -- one of the largest single objects known -- must be powered by galaxies embedded within it. ... > full story
Mother's BMI linked to fatter babies (August 19, 2011) -- Babies of mothers with a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) are fatter and have more fat in their liver, a study has found. ... > full story
Lessons learned from the two worst oils spills in US history: Microbes matter (August 19, 2011) -- One year after the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and two decades after the Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska's Prince William Sound, the scientific lesson is clear -- microbes matter! Despite vast differences in the ecosystems and circumstances of these two worst oil spills in US history, oil-degrading microorganisms played a significant role in reducing the overall environmental impact of both spills, scientists report. ... > full story
New treatment approach for Alzheimer's disease: Researchers plan to use specialized cells of the immune system (August 19, 2011) -- A research team has documented how the immune system can counteract the advancement of Alzheimer's disease. In a newly published paper, they showed that certain scavenger cells in the immune system, called macrophages, play a key role in this context. Furthermore, they were able to demonstrate how special cell-signaling proteins, called chemokines, mediate the defense process. ... > full story
Powerful X-rays enable development of successful treatment for melanoma and other life-threatening diseases (August 19, 2011) -- Powerful X-ray technology is revealing new insights into diseases ranging from Alzheimer's to the swine flu, and, most recently, enabled the discovery of a groundbreaking new drug treatment for malignant melanoma. The drug, Zelboraf (vemurafenib), has just received U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval. In showing the structures of diseased and disease-causing molecules, these light sources enable scientists to suggest potential new treatments. ... > full story
Education leaders call for radical transformation in graduate biomedical curriculum (August 19, 2011) -- Leaders in biomedical education are calling for a radical new approach to post-graduate training in the life sciences to address significant challenges, including an avalanche of new discoveries in the last decade and the need to transcend traditional departmental boundaries to understand biological processes at multiple levels. ... > full story
Boys reach sexual maturity younger and younger: Phase between being physically but not socially adult is getting longer (August 19, 2011) -- Boys are maturing physically earlier than ever before. The age of sexual maturity has been decreasing by about 2.5 months each decade at least since the middle of the 18th century. A researcher in Germany has used mortality data to demonstrate this trend, which until now was difficult to decipher. What had already been established for girls now seems to also be true for boys: the time period during which young people are sexually mature but socially not yet considered adults is expanding. ... > full story
Triple therapy regime puts patients with leukemic form of cutaneous lymphoma in remission (August 19, 2011) -- A three-pronged immunotherapy approach nearly doubles five-year survival among patients with rare leukemic form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, reports a new study. ... > full story
Molecular scientists develop color-changing stress sensor (August 19, 2011) -- It is helpful -- even life-saving -- to have a warning sign before a structural system fails, but, when the system is only a few nanometers in size, having a sign that's easy to read is a challenge. Now, thanks to a clever bit of molecular design by bioengineers and chemists, such warning can come in the form of a simple color change. ... > full story
Micro-organisms are 'invisible' to the immune system (August 19, 2011) -- That micro-organisms have a great capacity to vary their surface structure is well known. It is one of the reasons why it is so difficult to develop vaccines against HIV and malaria, and why new influenza vaccines have to be produced every year. But it seems that these micro-organisms are also able to completely avoid activating a strong immune response in the person attacked. ... > full story
Realistic simulation of ion flux through membrane sheds light on antibiotic resistance (August 19, 2011) -- A new study describes an innovative new computational model that realistically simulates the complex conditions found in biological systems and allows for a more accurate look at ion channel function at the level of individual atoms. The research provides a remarkably detailed look at the function of a bacterial channel that kills brain cells in people with bacterial meningitis and provides insight into mechanisms that underlie deadly antibiotic resistance. ... > full story
Researchers alarmed at rise in hookah use among California youth (August 19, 2011) -- Hookah use among California youth ages 18 to 24 is rising rapidly according to a new study. Researchers say the increased popularity of the hookah -- a water pipe used for smoking tobacco -- may be caused by the social nature of the behavior coupled with the misguided belief that it is less harmful than cigarettes. ... > full story
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